Menstrual disorders are conditions that affect the timing, flow, or comfort of periods. 
 They can impact daily life, fertility, and overall health. Management is personalized and 
 may include lifestyle changes, medicines, and minimally invasive or surgical procedures.

Common Types

 
• Irregular periods (Oligomenorrhea/Polymenorrhea): Cycles shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days; may be linked to hormones, thyroid, stress, or PCOS.

 
• Heavy menstrual bleeding (Menorrhagia): Flow lasting >7 days or soaking pads/tampons frequently; often due to fibroids, polyps, or hormonal imbalance.

 
• Painful periods (Dysmenorrhea): Cramping/pelvic pain; may be primary (hormonal) or secondary (endometriosis, adenomyosis, fibroids).

 
• Absence of periods (Amenorrhea): Primary (no periods by age 15–16) or secondary (stopped for 3+ months); causes include PCOS, thyroid issues, excessive exercise, or premature ovarian insufficiency.

Diagnosis

 
• Detailed medical history and physical/pelvic examination

 
• Blood tests (thyroid, FSH/LH, prolactin, testosterone; iron profile if heavy bleeding)

 
• Pelvic ultrasound to assess fibroids, cysts, or polyps

 
• Pap smear and/or endometrial biopsy when indicated

Treatment Options

 
• Lifestyle: Stress management, balanced diet, regular exercise, weight optimization (especially for PCOS).

 
• Medications: NSAIDs for cramps; iron supplements for anemia; hormonal therapy (combined pills, progesterone, LNG-IUS, GnRH analogues); thyroid/insulin-targeted therapy when needed.

 
• Minimally invasive: Hysteroscopic polyp/fibroid removal, endometrial ablation for heavy bleeding, laparoscopy for endometriosis or cysts.

 
• Surgery (case-dependent): Myomectomy (fibroid removal) or hysterectomy (when fertility is not desired and other treatments have failed).

Goals of Care

 
• Normalize cycle pattern and flow

 
• Relieve pain and improve quality of life

 
• Treat underlying hormonal or structural causes

 
• Protect fertility where desired and prevent complications like anemia

When to Seek Care

 
• Very heavy bleeding, clots, or bleeding >7 days

 
• Severe cramps not relieved by OTC pain relief

 
• Cycles consistently irregular or absent

 
• Intermenstrual or postcoital bleeding

 Note: Management is individualized after evaluation by a gynecologist. 
 Discuss your symptoms, family planning goals, and treatment preferences to choose the best option.

Maternity care supports a healthy pregnancy, safe delivery, and smooth recovery for both mother and baby through timely check-ups, screening, counseling, and coordinated birth planning.

Key Services

• Antenatal check-ups and fetal growth monitoring
• Ultrasound scans and fetal well-being assessments
• Routine lab tests (blood group, hemogram, sugars, thyroid, infections)
• Vaccinations (e.g., tetanus/TD, influenza as advised)
• Nutritional counseling and weight tracking
• Management of high-risk pregnancy (hypertension, diabetes, anemia, twins)
• Birth planning and delivery options (normal vaginal delivery, C-section when indicated)
• Pain relief options during labor
• Postnatal check-ups and mental health screening
• Lactation support and newborn care guidance
• Post-partum contraception and family planning

What to Expect at Visits

• Review of symptoms, blood pressure, weight, and fetal heart rate
• Trimester-specific tests and scans as per guidelines
• Personalized advice on activity, nutrition, supplements, and warning signs

When to Seek Urgent Care

• Severe abdominal pain or persistent contractions before term
• Vaginal bleeding or leaking fluid
• Severe headache, visual changes, swelling of face/hands
• Reduced or absent fetal movements
• Fever, fainting, or any symptom that feels alarming

Benefits

• Early detection and management of complications
• Improved maternal and newborn outcomes
• Informed decisions about delivery and post-partum care